鋁合金溫間伺服成型運動曲線品質預測與優化

近年來，汽車輕量化技術已成為現代汽車製造的核心研究領域；高強度鋁合金因其低密度、高強度及良好韌性，被廣泛應用於汽車與航太產業。然而，高強度鋁合金在常溫下的成型性較差，易產生回彈或扭曲變形，因此本文針對其溫間伺服成型製程進行沖壓成型優化，以提升成型性能與穩定性。本文採用基礎圓杯引伸成型作為載具，並透過Holding伺服運動曲線參數進行成型，進一步運用ANFIS-MOPSO方法進行品質預測與參數優化。首先，透過測試數據建立最大變薄率與最大沖頭負荷兩項品質特性的ANFIS預測模型，再利用MOPSO方法進行最佳化，並透過實驗驗證其優化結果。為評估優化效果，本文將優化後的Holding伺服曲線與傳統Crank伺服曲線進行比較，結果顯示，最大變薄率降低4.3%，最大沖頭負荷減少6.5%。此研究結果證明，透過ANFIS-MOPSO方法進行多目標優化，可有效平衡最大變薄率與最大沖頭負荷兩項品質特性，使其同時獲得改善，進而提升高強度鋁合金的溫間成型性能，為未來高強度鋁合金在汽車沖壓成型領域的應用提供了重要參考。

In recent years, automotive light-weighting technology has become a key research focus in modern vehicle manufacturing. High-strength aluminum alloys, due to their low density, high strength, and excellent toughness, are widely used in automotive and aerospace industries. However, these alloys exhibit poor formability at room temperature and are prone to spring-back or distortion. To address these challenges, this study optimizes the warm servo stamping process to enhance the formability and stability of high-strength aluminum alloys. A cylindrical deep drawing process was selected as the experimental setup, and the Holding servo motion curve was applied during forming. To predict and optimize forming quality, the ANFIS-MOPSO method was utilized. First, an ANFIS predictive model was developed using experimental data to estimate two key quality parameters: maximum thinning rate and maximum punch load. Subsequently, the MOPSO algorithm was employed for optimization, and the results were experimentally validated. To assess the optimization performance, the optimized Holding servo curve was compared with the traditional Crank servo curve, revealing a 4.3% reduction in maximum thinning rate and a 6.5% decrease in maximum punch load. These findings demonstrate that the ANFIS-MOPSO multi-objective optimization approach effectively balances maximum thinning rate and punch load, achieving simultaneous improvements in both quality characteristics. This research provides a valuable reference for the application of high-strength aluminum alloys in automotive stamping processes, contributing to the advancement of lightweight vehicle manufacturing.