曳引機傳動系統電動化實證開發

本研究針對傳統曳引機在碳排放與傳動效率方面的限制，提出一套以雙馬達為核心的電動化傳動系統，並應用於 Mitsubishi MT-460 曳引機平台進行實車改裝與驗證。系統設計採用兩具永磁同步馬達，分別驅動 PTO 與車輪，搭配自製 1:1 齒輪箱，可實現 PTO 與行走驅動的獨立運作或合流輸出控制。此配置可對應 0–37 km/h 行駛速度與 0–1290 rpm PTO 輸出範圍，滿足多樣化農耕作業需求。 為因應高負載作業情境，齒輪箱內整合一組手動操作之 Dog Clutch 機構，供操作人員切換至雙馬達合流模式，以提升整體牽引扭力表現。另設計一套獨立液壓驅動模組，採用 3 kW 電動馬達驅動原車雙液壓泵，持續供應舉升與轉向所需之液壓動力，補足內燃機移除後的液壓系統缺口。整體系統設計具備模組化、高整合與可擴充性，為未來電動農機商品化發展提供具體且可行的技術方向。

This study presents a dual-motor electric powertrain system developed to improve energy efficiency and reduce emissions in traditional agricultural tractors. The system was retrofitted onto a Mitsubishi MT-460 tractor by replacing the original diesel engine and main transmission with two 15 kW permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). One motor is used to drive the PTO, while the other powers the wheels. A custom-built 1:1 gearbox was designed to allow either separate or combined operation of both motors. This setup enables driving speeds from 0 to 37 km/h and PTO speeds from 0 to 1290 rpm, supporting a wide range of farming tasks. To handle heavier workloads, a manual dog clutch was added to the gearbox, allowing the two motors to be mechanically linked for higher traction torque. A separate hydraulic system was also installed, using a 3 kW electric motor to power the original pumps for lift and steering functions—solving the problem of losing engine-driven hydraulics. The overall system is modular and adaptable, offering a practical direction for future electric tractor development.